indirect utility function การใช้

The expenditure function is the inverse of the indirect utility function:
The indirect utility function can be calculated by substituting the demand into the utility function.
They also provide a complete characterization of substitutes preferences : Goods are substitutes if and only if the indirect utility function is submodular.
Where v ( p, w ) is the indirect utility function ( which gives the utility level of having a given wealth under a fixed price regime ).
An indirect utility function gives the optimal attainable value of a given utility function, which depends on the prices of the goods and the income or wealth level that the individual possesses.